1: Minnesota: Native Americans

2: Guide Creation Information

Guide Author	John Warren
District	St. Peter High School ISD#508 Saint Peter, MN
Date Created	05/16/2011
Guide Description	This guide can be used to as a component of instruction to meet the Minnesota Academic standard in History requiring a demonstration of knowledge of indigenous cultures and U.S. policy in North America prior to and during western expansion

3: Guide Characteristics

Title of Main Academic Standard used in Guide	Minnesota DRAFT K-12 Academic Standards in Social Studies: 4-30-11
Grade Level	9-12
Learning Level	Introductory
National Holiday/Special Occasion (optional)
Source Format Emphasized	Photographs, letters, journals, documents
Geographic Region Emphasized (optional)	Minnesota
Other Minnesota Reflections Guide(s) Related to this Guide (optional)

4: Main Standard Emphasized in Guide

Standard Title	Minnesota DRAFT K-12 Academic Standards in Social Studies: 4-30-11
Category	History
Strand	U.S. History
Sub-strand	A. Expansion and Reform - 1792-1861
Standard	Economic, geographic, demographic growth and technological innovation transformed United States society.
Benchmark 1: standard number	9.1.6.1.2
Benchmark 1: text	Explain westward movement and analyze resulting conflicts, focusing on the disposition of indigenous land and the impact on indigenous nations
Benchmark 2: standard number
Benchmark 2: text
Benchmark 3: standard number
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Benchmark 4: standard number
Benchmark 4: text

5: Another Standard Emphasized in Guide (optional)

Standard Title	Minnesota DRAFT K-12 Academic Standards in Social Studies: 4-30-11
Category	History
Strand	U.S. History
Sub-strand	The development of Industrial, Urban, and Global United States - 1870-1920
Standard	There were many causes and consequences of westward movement and increase global interactions.
Benchmark 1: standard number	3.1.8.1.3
Benchmark 1: text	Analyze United States American Indian Policy, especially in the areas of sovereignty, land ownership, education, and its impact on indigenous nations
Benchmark 2: standard number
Benchmark 2: text
Benchmark 3: standard number
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Benchmark 4: standard number
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6: Additional Standards and/or Skills (reading, math, media literacy, interdisciplinary)

Reading: standard number
Reading: standard text
Math: standard number
Math: standard text
Media Literacy: standard number
Media Literacy: standard text
Interdisciplinary Connection

Minnesota Reflections Resources

7: Search Strategy

Things to Think About	What aspects of Native American culture(s) will you focus on?
Keywords	Native American, American Indians, Indian, Reservation, Indian Wars, Indian Boarding School
Other ideas (to assist with discovery)
Challenges to finding resources on this standard	Text based documents that describe native culture are more difficult to find. Information may be embedded in other more comprehensive historical documents.

8: Minnesota Reflections Top Picks

Title	Date created	Description	Format (photo, map, letter …)	"Cite the Item" link
A Pioneer Mother	1920-1936	A woman describes her childhood experiences in Minnesota including her and her family's experiences including the Indian Wars.	Paper	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/olms,1071
Memories of My childhood	1927-01-10	A woman describes her childhood experiences in Minnesota including her and her family's exposure to Native Americans.	Paper	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/olms,860
Indian Wardship	1943?	This report covers topics relating to U.S. relations with Native Americans in the 1930s.	Paper	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/p15160coll10,475
American Indian Home made of Birch bark, near Ely,MN	1890-1905	Indian family beside a birch bark wigwam in a forest encampment.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/irrc,1547
Ojibwe family of Mille Lacs reservation visited by Sister Laura Hesch, OSB	1930-1939	Sister Hesch began her mission by visiting the Ojibwe at their homes on the reservation.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/stbm,454
American Indians in ceremonial clothing, Jadis Township, MN	1890	Studio portrait of local Ojibwe band members.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/ros,236
Native American spear fishing from a canoe, Pennington County, MN	1900?	Unidentified Native American man spear fishing from a birch bark canoe.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/penn,152
American Indian family in the winter woods, northern Minnesota	1893-1905	American Indian family posing before a teepee in the Minnesota winter woods.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/irrc,2041
Indian children standing around their cooking fire, Mankato, MN	7-4-1916	Four Indian children standing around a tripod held cooking pot.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/blue,1745
Mille Lacs Reservation: Making maple syrup	1940-1949	One of many Ojibwe activities, making maple syrup.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/stbm,464
American Indians building birch bark canoe, near Ely, MN	1890-1905	American Indian family building a birch bark canoe near the water.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/irrc,1546
Indian War Dance, White Earth, MN	6-14-1910	Native Americans participating in ceremonial dance wearing traditional ceremonial clothing.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/mhd,149
Indian War Dance, White Earth, MN	6-14-1910	Native Americans participating in ceremonial dance wearing traditional ceremonial clothing.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/mhd,147
Group of Chippewa Indian Chiefs, Washington D.C.	1899-1901	Red Lake and White Earth Chiefs in Washington D.C.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/becker,32
Indian boys in native dress, Collegeville, MN	1887	Indian boys wearing native dress in a boarding school room.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/john,349
Indian boys in western dress, Collegeville, MN	1887	Indian boys wearing western dress in a boarding school room.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/john,350
Sisters and boarders at the convent and school, St. Mary's Mission, Red Lake, MN	1889?	Nuns and student boarders posing outside boarding school.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/stbm,331
Pipestone Indian Training School students, Pipestone, MN	1893-1953	Home Economics class at the Pipestone Indian Training School	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/pipe,158
Tribal leaders with government/business agents	1900	Red Lake and White Earth tribal leaders posing with local government and business agent with whom they had formal relationship with.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/stbm,334
White Earth-Ojibwe posing with their traditional festive attire at the mission school-early 1880's	1883	Posing at the St. Benedict's mission school. Traditional attire was very important to the Native Americans. Note the contrast between nature inspired clothing and brick school in background.	Image	http://reflections.mndigital.org/u?/stbm,321

9: Specific Minnesota Reflections Collection(s) to Consider (optional)

10: Helpful Tips (optional)

11: Ideas for Lesson Plans Using this Guide (optional)

1. Use papers and images to describe Native American culture before and during western expansion. Students analyze images and use them to describe various components of native culture

2. Compare and contrast native life to the life of the European settlers.

3. Use images to discuss assimilation and forced assimilation.